Answers to Some FAQs
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Q1 Why is pressure at the end of firefighting system kept at 7kg/cm2?
ANS :It is as per national fire protection association (NFPA) code requirement. NFPA is. They demand minimum of 100 psi for all the firefighting equipment to work properly. So it is standardised as 7 bar which is almost 100 psi. All our nozzles of sprinklers, foam systems require at least 3.5 bar at inlet to operate. So we have a FOS of 2.Q2 Why are legs provided in EFRVT?
ANS :If the roof of EFRVT falls below a certain level, it will not be possible to lift the roof again. Thus, legs are provided to maintain some gap between the floating roof and bottom of tank. Further, height of legs is kept at 1.8m for facilitating maintenance of tank.QWhat are the parameters to categorise a terminal as a smart terminal?
ANS :Q4 What is the principle on which AOPS works?
ANS :It works on the principle of change in frequency of vibration of a tuning fork when it comes in contact with the product.Q5 What is the percentage of doping of SKO for public distribution system?
ANS :SKO is doped with a blue dye to the tune of 25ppm. Mixing is done by circulation between SKO tanks.Q6 How is a storage tank emptied below the delivery valve for M&I operations?
ANS :The delivery pipe of tank is connected to water drain-off valve with the help of a hose to drain the remaining product.Q7 How is ethanol used for blending MS synthesized?
ANS :Ethanol is either derived from fresh sugarcane directly or by the action of molasses on sugarcane waste.Q8 Is dip calibration uniform in all compartments of a TT?
ANS :No. Dip road is calibrated for all compartments of a TT separately. Oil level for each compartment is punched on the faces of the rod and may or may not be at the same level.Q9 How are tanks carrying different products distinguished from each other?
ANS :Tanks are distinguished on the basis of colour coding.- MS tanks- orange mark
- HSD tanks- blue mark.
- SKO tanks- yellow mark
Q10 What are refinery manufacture specifications?
ANS :For any product, IS specifications have to be ensured at the point of delivery to end user. In order to account for accidental contamination of product during transit from refinery to consumer, more stringent specifications are adopted at refinery level, known as refinery manufacture specifications.Q11 Are products in transmix tank upgraded or downgraded?
ANS :Products in transmix tank are upgraded for MS/HSD and downgraded for ATF. Adherence to specifications and commitment to quality in case of ATF is of higher importance, so transmix product is downgraded to SKO. Downgrading product in case of MS/HSD will incur tremendous losses, so the product in transmix tank is upgraded. Further, if MS gets doped in SKO tank, the product may burn with a blast as learnt from the infamous Kota accident.Q12 Why do we need terminals?
ANS :Terminals act as temporary storage location before the product is finally delivered to end customers. Also, as refineries are continuously refining crude oil, they also have a limited storage capacity. So Terminals are used to receive products from refineries store it and then supply it directly to the customer through the company’s distribution network. The upcoming section explains how products are received at the terminal.Q13 How would a terminal inform about its demand to a refinery?
ANS :As One refinery cater many terminals, so a team is exclusively assigned to communicate between refinery and terminal. Function of Refinery Coordination Office is to work as a mediator between refinery and terminal. It communicates the demand of terminals to refinery and help refinery make production plan and dispatch schedule accordingly. In a terminal there are mainly 4 modes by which it can receive product. These modes are:- 1. RAIL-Through rail wagons
- 2. ROAD-Through Tank Trucks
- 3. PIPELINE-Through Dedicated or Multi Product pipeline.
- 4. TANKER.
Q14 How do we separate 2 products from each other in multi product pipeline?
ANS :It is done by using an interface product which would be used between two main products such that the interface product can also be taken with another product. Previously SKO was used to be an intermediate product between MS and HSD.But there are chances of MS getting mixed with SKO.Q15 What parameters to be considered to nominate the tank for receipt?
ANS :The parameters to be considered are –- 1. Types of product
- 2. Ullage (Empty space in tank)
- 3. Parcel size (Quantity to be received).
Q16 Why Pontoons are provided?
ANS :These are used as air chambers to have better buoyancy to floating roof.Q17 What is the role of inspection chambers in a ERVT?
ANS :These chambers consist of adjustable legs which can be changed from 3 feet setting which indicates operating level to 6 feet setting which indicates maintenance level.(2/2)
Terminals and Depot 